This 'SAM' term is widely used by industrial engineers and garment production people in the garment manufacturing industry. This article will show you the SAM calculation method for individual sewing operations. Keep reading.
The SAM plays an important role in estimating the cost of making a garment. In the past, scientists and apparel technicians did research on how much time to be allowed to perform a job when one follows the standard method of doing the job.
According to the research study, the minute value has been defined for each movement needed to accomplish a job. Synthetic data is available for each movement.
General Sewing Data (GSD) has defined a set of codes for motion data for SAM calculation. There are also other methods through which one can calculate the SAM of a garment without using synthetic data or GSD.
Both methods are explained below.
Method 1: Calculate Garment SAM Using Synthetic Data
In this method, the 'Predetermined Time Standard' (PTS) code is used to establish the 'Standard Time' of individual garment operations or other sewn products.
Step 1: Select one operation for which you want to calculate SAM.
Step 2: Study the motions of that operation. Stand by the side of an operator (an experienced one) and observe the operator to understand how he is doing the operation.
Note down all movements used by the operator in doing one complete cycle of work. Observe carefully again and recheck your notes to see whether all movements/motions are captured and correct. For example, motions are like - pick up parts one hand or two hands, align parts on the table or machine foot, realign plies, etc.)
Step 3: List down all motions sequentially. Refer to the synthetic data for TMU (Time Measuring Unit) values. For synthetic data, you can refer to GSD (without license use of GSD code prohibited, but for personal use and study, one can refer GSD code and TMU values) or the Sewing Performance Data table (SPD).Now you have TMU values for one operation (for example, say it is 400 TMU). Convert total TMU into minutes (1 TMU=0.0006 minutes). This time is known as the Basic Time of the task in minutes. In this example, it is 0.24 minutes.
Step 4: Calculate standard minute (SAM) by adding the bundle allowance (bundle handling time) and personal allowance to the basic time.
Standard allowed minutes (SAM) = (Basic minute + Bundle allowances + machine and personal allowances).
Add bundle allowances (10%) and machine and personal allowances (20%) to basic time.
Now you have a Standard Minute value (SMV) or SAM.
SAM = (0.24 + 0.024 + 0.048) = 0.31 minutes.
Related Read | Secret Behind the Calculation of Machine Time in SAM
Method #2: Calculate Garment SAM Through Time Study
Step 1: Select one operation for which you want to calculate SAM.
Step 2: Take a stopwatch for the time study. Stand by the side of the operator. Capture the cycle time for that operation. (cycle time – total time taken to do all works needed to complete one operation, i.e., time from the pick-up part of the first piece to the next pick-up of the next piece).
Conduct Time study for five consecutive cycles. Discard the reading if you find an abnormal time in any cycle. Take an additional reading if you need to discard any readings.
Calculate the average time of the 5 cycles. The time you get from a time study is called cycle time. To convert this cycle time into the basic time, you need to multiply the cycle time by the operator's performance rating.
Basic Time = Cycle Time X Performance Rating
Step 3: Performance rating.
Now you need to rate the operator at what performance level he was doing the job by observing his movement and work speed. Suppose that the operator's performance rating is 80%. Assume that the cycle time is 0.60 minutes.
Therefore, Basic Time of this operation is = (0.60 X 80%) = 0.48 minute
Step 4: Calculate SAM using the following formula
Standard Allowed Minutes (SAM) = (Basic minute + Bundle allowances + machine and personal allowances).
Add bundle allowances (10%) and machine and personal allowances (20%) to basic time.
- Bundle allowances= 0.48 X10% = 0.048 minute
- Personal allowances = (0.48 x 20%) = 0.096 minute
Therefore, standard time (SAM) = (0.48 + 0.048 + 0.096) = 0.624 minutes.
The above calculation is shown in the following table.
Now you have the Standard Allowed Minute (SAM) of the operation of 0.624 minutes.